2010 BIG BAND litter
COR/COI

Co-efficient of Inbreeding (COI)

COI is how inbred the pedigree of a particular dog is. It is a mathematical estimate of inbreeding, but we have not yet mapped the genome in a practical way for breeders, so it's still a calculation, not a fact -- but a calculation based on the science of statistics. COI is only one of the tools a breeder can use as a guideline to build pedigrees that are either outcrossed or inbred, and how much so. Ten generations is the standard used by geneticists in calculating COI.

If you bred a Cocker Spaniel to a Bull Mastiff (although I don't know why you would) the 10-gen COI would be 0% because there would be no common ancestors in 10 generations from one side of the pedigree to the other. This is no guarantee that both parents didn't carry dangerous or unwelcome genes (especially if you don't bother checking) because all dogs are dogs. But the likelihood is less that you'll double up on these same dangerous genes, AND you'd be increasing the odds of genetic diversity. All purebred dog populations are inbred to a certain extent, because we've closed the studbooks to new bloodlines in nearly all breeds. In Malamutes we started with 26 Original Dogs, and only 26. But the important part is what we have done with them since.

In Malamutes a 10-gen COI of 0% is nearly impossible because of three things:

The genetic bottleneck in the 1950s which lead to the re-opening of the studbooks to allow the M'Loot and Hinman third strain to join the Kotzebue. Since then, there are a handful of pure Kotzebue dogs left, and none of the M'Loot and Hinman third strain. Today, all modern pedigrees of Malamutes (save those rare and wonderful pure K dogs) are roughly half Kotzebue and half M'Loot, by pedigree, with a tiny bit of the third strain dogs. The trick is, of course, how those pedigrees are arranged.

Blended pedigrees because of the advances in transportation, the internet, and veterinary medicine. Until recently, it was possible to have relatively isolated populations of purebred dogs -- kennels or countries that rarely saw new pedigrees except from their neighbors. Now you can buy semen half-way around the globe and have it frozen and then surgically implanted in your bitch. This is wonderful, and terrible, as well. It's wonderful finding new pedigrees to help you fix a problem. It's terrible because we no longer have those isolated kennels to which we can go when we need to fix a problem.

Popular inbred pedigrees are the norm in what I consider the top 3 kennels of major influence in recent history -- Uyak, Storm Kloud, and Nanuke. At least one of these three kennels have been contributors to most modern Malamutes -- save the few wonderful pure Kotzebue pedigrees. They are highly inbred on themselves, doubling and tripling and sometimes a lot more than that on themselves, in order to achieve uniformity. Inbreeders can always argue the benefits of inbreeding. And to an outcrosser like me, it is wonderful that they are inbreeding so that I can dip into their gene pools as needed. But for the sake of genetic diversity, I would never inbreed that much over that many generations, even if they have had tremendous success doing so. Wayeh pedigrees include all three of these kennels, but not always all three in the same dog. We started with Uyak and went back to Uyak repeatedly. We also have a strong dose of Storm Kloud and a little Nanuke (in some of our dogs). We are getting away from the later two and adding in Black Ice. But our Black Ice pedigrees have a little Uyak and Storm Kloud in them as well. Our heavily inbred pedigrees are:

	inbred Uyak @ Wayeh - Yogi, Honey, & Wayeh's Summer & Wayeh's Faith
	inbred Storm Kloud @ Wayeh - Rider bred to Summer to produce Singer
	inbred Nanuke @ Wayeh - Charles & Nikko

At Wayeh, we are striving for generations of CERF/Thyroid/OFA working obedience dogs who are outcrossed (10-gen COI below 7%).

Co-efficient of Relationship (COR)

COR is how much a particular dog influences a pedigree -- statistically. Just because you put Uyak Buffalo Bill in a pedigree 30 times, doesn't mean you're getting another Bill. Every generation between then and now has made decisions that eliminate or concentrate genes, sometimes wisely, sometimes recklessly. But if you build a pedigree you can look at the dogs who have the most influence, and you're more likely to get some of their strengths and some of their weaknesses.

[key: Name, percent of influence, number of times in pedigree if more than 1x]

10-gen COI 14% - this is an uncle/neice breeding with outcrossed parents & grandparents

Gen 1
Wayeh Follow My Lead "ChaCha" 60.64%
Wayeh Singn N Howln Masasyu "Maestro" 60.58%

They are dead even as far as numbers are concerned. Both share a phenotype (looks) of compact moderate dogs with good leg under them.

Gen 2
Wayeh Singn Follow Me Masasyu "Sunny" 49.05%
Tessa's Sir Charles "Charles" 38% 2x
Wayeh's Soul Song "Singer" 37.54% 2x
Wayeh-Mystic Ring of Fire "Smoky" 27%

Sunny has a huge influence until you look at her parents, Charles and Singer, who occur twice in this pedigree, so we're concentrating those two, and Smoky will fall out of influence.

Gen 3
Wayeh's Cherokee Summer "Summer" 22% 2x
Kohoutec's Magnetic North "Magnet" 21.82% 2x
Baylor's Howlin Hannah-Tessa "Hannah" 21% 2x
Snow Song's Night Rider "Rider" 20% 2x
Ksarah's Hope Inditarod "Brady" 16%
Black Ice's Heartbreak Hannah "Hannah" 14%

Summer & Rider are Singer's parents. Magnet & Howln Hannah are Charles' parents, and doubled, so they should have more influence than Brady or Heartbreak Hannah.

Gen4
Wayeh's Just Before The Dawn "Justice" 16% 2x
Wayeh's Arctic Wind's Shadow "Shadow" 15.93% 2x
Kohoutec's Salubrious Spirit 15% 2x
Nanuke's A Rushin Revolution "Laz" 15% 6x

So by the numbers, the first three are all descended of Uyak and are dominating the pedigree... But Laz occurs 6x and can't be ignored.

Baylor Bateries Not Included "Ready" 13.75% 2x
Snow Song's Brandi of Tinsha "Brandi" 13% 2x
Mals-About's Savage O' Snow Song "Savvy" 13% 2x
Kohoutec's Blackfoot Indi "Indi" 12% 2x

Less influential dogs, but still occur twice in the pedigree.

Great Spirit Inditarod "Cora" 11%
Buffalo Bill Inditarod "Smoky" 11%
HG Brandywine's New Moon "Angus" 9%
Black Ice's Winter Frost "Anya" 6%

Lovely dogs, but only occur once and should have much less influence.

Gen5
Wayeh's Shoshone Sunwalker "Shoney" 14% 2x
Wayeh's Cherokee Brave "Cherokee" 13% 2x
Wayeh's Sassafras Lass "Razzy" 12% 4x
Vykon's Wayeh True Spirit "Trudee" 11% 2x
Kohoutec's Tsunami Samsun 10.9% 2x
HG Brandywine's Moonsong 8%
Pale Moon's Kodi's Shadow 7% 2x
Aluk's Marco Polo "Klute" 9% 2x

The Wayeh dogs are doubled, and heavily influenced by Uyak, Kiwaliks, T'Domar. As are the Kohoutec & HG Brandywine dogs.

Northeast Scarlet Fever 12% 8x
Tuffnook's Crown of Knob Hill 12% 2x
Moon Song's Captain Moon Ray "Smokey" 11%
Northeast Sky's Angel 11% 2x
Nanukes' Winter Magic 10% 6x

These dogs are all either Nanuke, behind Nanuke, or descended from Nanuke dogs.

Snow Song's Genghis Khan 10% 2x
Snow Song's Kit Kat of Tinsha 10% 2x
Mals-About's Memories 10% 2x
Mals-About's Rowdy of Snow Song 9% 2x
First Lady Shamanrock 9%
Barrenfield Kings' Excalibur 8% 2x
Brad Pitt del Lago degli Orsi 7%
Aluk's Panik of Canjor 7% 2x
Marlayne's Forty Niner 6%
Black Ice's Autumn Splendor 5%
Conny Ze Zapadni Krizovatky 3%

These dogs are a mix of pedigrees, including Storm Kloud & Oopik.

Most influential by frequency
Uyak Buffalo Bill 12% 48x in 10 generations, 96x if you looked back further
Karohonta Skymaster 12% 28x - a Buffalo Bill son
Inuit's Sweet Lucifer 5% 15x
Nanuke's A Rushin' Revolution "Laz" 15% 6x

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Contact Wayeh * 423-365-6039 * Spring City, Tennessee
Wayeh Alaskan Malamutes last updated 11/21/2010

2010 BIG BAND litter COR/COI

Co-efficient of Inbreeding (COI)

Co-efficient of Relationship (COR)

Wayeh - where SUPER puppies become SUPER dogs.

2010 BIG BAND litter
COR/COI